URL structure

This image explains the structure of a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) — the address used to access resources on the internet. Let’s break it down step by step:

🔹 1. Protocol → https://

👉 The “language” the browser uses to talk to the website (secure).

🔹 2. Domain → example .com

👉 The main address of the website.

🔹 3. Port → :80

👉 The “door number” of the website. Here it’s 80 (default for HTTP).

🔹 4. Path → /blog

👉 The specific page or section inside the website.

🔹 5. Query Parameters → ?search=test&sort_by=created_at

👉 Extra instructions you give to the website:

search=test → search for “test”

sort_by=created_at → sort results by creation date

🔹 6. Fragment/Anchor → #header

👉 A specific spot inside the page. Here it jumps to the “header” section.

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How the internet works :

This diagram explains how the internet works in a simple request–response flow:

1. Browser 🖥️

•The user types a URL (like google .com) into the browser.

•The browser sends a request to find that website.

2. DNS (Domain Name System) 🌐

•DNS works like a phonebook.

•It converts the domain name (google .com) into an IP address (like 142. 250. 190. 78) that computers use to communicate.

3. Web Server 💻

•The request goes to the server hosting the website.

•The server processes the request (like opening a webpage, fetching files, etc.).

4. Database Server 🗄️

•If the webpage needs stored information (like your profile, search results, or posts), the web server asks the database server for that data.

•The database sends the required data back to the web server.

5. Response back to Browser 🔄

•The server sends the data (HTML, CSS, images, etc.) back to the browser.

•The browser renders it, and you see the webpage.

 In short: 

Browser → DNS → Web Server → Database → Back to Browser.

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